WS-3000

Whelen WS-3000
A Whelen WS-3000 in Gibraltar, MI. Photo taken by ramguy2500.
Company	Whelen Engineering
Produced	1981-1991
Type	Rotational Electronic
Sound output	124 dB @ 100 ft
Wattage	1280 W
Voltage	24 V DC
Preceded by	Whelen WS-2000
Succeeded by	Whelen WPS-4000
Documentation	Manual

The WS-3000 (later known as the WPS-3000) is a rotational electronic siren that was produced by Whelen Engineering for 10 years and was Whelen's first successful rotational siren. This siren established Whelen's dominance in the electronic rotational siren market and paved the way for their future sirens.

History

A post-1988 WPS-3000 in Washington Township, PA. Photo taken by Fumikiri06.

The WS-3000 was created in 1981 by Whelen Engineering. Whelen had realized by this point that while they were enjoying great success with their omnidirectional WS-2000 series of sirens, they lacked a high-performance siren that could match the rotating mechanical sirens that dominated the siren market. Whelen contacted Bruce Howze from Community Pro Loudspeakers, who had previously designed other sirens such as the WS-2500, to create a rotational electronic siren that could match the performance of Federal Signal's popular Thunderbolt siren. Whelen had already experimented with a rotational siren, the WS-2000R, but its performance was lacking. The WS-3000, which was the first of Whelen's sirens to use their "throat and horn" design, solved its issues and had an unrivaled performance for an electronic siren when it was released, later matched by Federal Signal's EOWS*812 released later the same year. The design of the WS-3000 was slightly updated in 1987 to include an additional projector reinforcement bar and a microswitch-based sensor. Like the other "WS" sirens, the siren would gain the "WPS" prefix that year, ditching the "WS" prefix. A year later, in 1988, the rotator would be replaced entirely by the taller, cube-shaped rotator used on the then-new WPS-4000 siren, standardizing the mechanisms to reduce costs. The WS-3000 would be discontinued in 1991, after the introduction of the WPS-4000 series, which not only outperformed it but also used fewer, more powerful drivers to do so, which made them more reliable. Despite the siren having been discontinued for over 30 years, many WS and WPS-3000 units still operate in service, most of which are running on Whelen's newer digital controllers. A few still run on their original analog controllers, but these are rarer. Unfortunately, some are beginning to show their age, with failing drivers and rotator mechanisms, as well as dying batteries. Still, these sirens continue to serve many places, and this is proof of how great the siren truly was.

Design

The rotator of a post-1988 WPS-3000/WPS-4000.

The siren makes use of 16 80 W high-powered speaker drivers located inside a removable panel at the rear of the siren. Each driver connects to 16 staggered throats that converge into a single large projector, which is reinforced to prevent the horn from warping. The projector also includes a mesh screen to keep debris out of the siren, in front of 5 (initially 4) reinforcement bars. The siren is rotated using a small cube shaped direct-drive reversible rotator (formerly a similar earlier iteration) with a high-torque DC motor, which oscillates 360° at 2 oscillations per minute. This is because the siren does not use brushes, and instead the drivers are directly wired up to the controller. Oscillating prevents the wire from potentially snapping, and the direct wired connection improves the clarity and performance of the drivers. The rotator's design prevents the siren from acting as a weathervane in high winds as well, with the siren being designed to withstand winds of up to 145 mph (233 km/h). The rotator itself is made of aluminum and is capable of microswitch sensor-based (initially optical sensor-based) quadrant control, meaning that the projector was capable of being remotely positioned in 8 different directions, with an internal optical sensor telling the controller which direction the projector was facing. Multiple WS-3000 sirens can be synchronized from a central control system which prevents the distortion of voice messages due to clashing messages from different sirens. Every time the siren utilizes its voice functionality, it will automatically return to its "home" position before broadcasting voice messages in each direction, first in the immediate directions, and then the cardinal directions. The pre-ESC-864 and ESC-864 controllers of the WS/WPS-3000 come stock with running the siren's drivers at 100 W in "voice" mode while running at 80 W in "siren" mode. The WS/WPS-3000 is able to reach 124 dB at 100 ft.