STH-10: Difference between revisions

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10 hp|voltage=240 V AC 1 ph (STH-10B)
10 hp|voltage=240 V AC 1 ph (STH-10B)
208-240/480 (STH-10A)|current=AC 3 ph|preceded=<div>[[Federal Electric Fedelcode]]</div>
208-240/480 (STH-10A)|current=AC 3 ph|preceded=<div>[[Federal Electric Fedelcode]]</div>
[[Federal Signal STL-10]]|succeeded=[[Federal Signal Model ECLIPSE]]|manual=http://www.civildefensemuseum.com/sirens/manuals/2-5-SD10-STH10-STL10-255A154F.pdf|image=STH-10_Official.jpg|sheet=https://wiki.thesirenboard.com/images/a/a5/STH-10_Spec_Sheet.pdf}}The '''STH-10''' ('''S'''ingle '''T'''one '''H'''igh, '''10''' Horsepower) is an omnidirectional electromechanical siren that was produced by Federal Signal over a span of 50 years. It proved to be one of the most popular of Federal Signal's omnidirectional sirens and gained a reputation as a reliable, effective multipurpose siren. It is an extremely common siren today despite being discontinued, a testament to its reliability and performance.
[[Federal Signal STL-10]]|succeeded=[[Federal Signal Model ECLIPSE]]|manual=http://www.civildefensemuseum.com/sirens/manuals/2-5-SD10-STH10-STL10-255A154F.pdf|image=STH-10_Official.jpg|sheet=https://wiki.thesirenboard.com/images/a/a5/STH-10_Spec_Sheet.pdf}}The '''STH-10''' ('''S'''ingle '''T'''one '''H'''igh, '''10''' Horsepower) is an omnidirectional electromechanical siren that was produced by Federal Signal over a span of 50 years. A step up from the general purpose [[Model 5]] lineup, the STH-10 proved to be one of the most popular of Federal Signal's omnidirectional sirens and gained a reputation as a reliable, effective multipurpose siren. It is still a commonly found siren today despite having been discontinued decades ago thanks to its durability and high performance.


== History and design ==
== History and design ==
The STH-10 was introduced in 1955 as a higher-pitched option to supplement Federal's existing 10 hp [[Federal Signal STL-10|STL-10]] siren, using a 20.5-inch, 12-port aluminum rotor instead of the 24-inch 7-port rotor the STL-10 uses. The STH-10 can also be seen as a single tone variant of a [[Federal Signal XT22|2T22]] or [[Federal Signal SD-10|SD-10]]. The siren is very simple in design, being little more than the chopper, stator, motor, intake and horns. The siren uses a motor-over-rotor design, like the STL-10. There are 12 horns on the siren, attached to each stator port. The sirens were furnished 7.5 and 10 Horsepower electric motors located on top of the siren, and the siren was available as both single and three phase variants, known as the STH-10B and STH-10A respectively.
The STH-10 was introduced in 1955 as a higher-pitched option to supplement Federal's existing [[Federal Signal STL-10|STL-10]] siren. The STH-10 was designed as a general purpose siren intended mainly for use at fire departments, as it had superior range and volume compared to Federal's Model 5 lineup. While it was mainly used as a fire siren, it easily doubled as a standard civil defense and weather siren when necessary. The STH-10 became a popular choice for many fire departments and municipalities, outselling the STL-10 by a significant margin. The STH-10's very simple design resulted in a siren that was very reliable and easy to keep maintained.  


The siren has a cylindrical, tubular intake located below the siren, in between the siren's three included mounting legs. These legs could be bolted to a pole, or attached to a rooftop, making it versatile. The siren's very simple design meant that the siren was very reliable and easy to keep maintained, and the horns allowed it to reach 115 dB at 100 feet, 1 dB more than its lower-pitched counterpart. The motor is typically bare, although several identical units have been found with the tops of a [[Federal Signal Model 5|C3 1/2 Model 5]] housing covering and protecting the motor, which may have been a custom order factory option.
The STH-10 is furnished with a bare 7.5 or 10 horsepower electric motor located on top of the siren. The STH-10 was available in either single and three phase power, designated the STH-10B and STH-10A respectively. The STH-10A used a 10 horsepower General Electric (early), Valley or Marathon motor, while the STH-10B used a brushed 7.5 horsepower Northern Electric motor. Due to its large, heavy rotor and high quality ball bearings, the STH-10 is known for having long spool-down times, with the rotor often coasting for well over five minutes after the siren shuts off.


A three-signal variant of the STH-10 was also produced, using a damper to produce a pulse signal. These units are designated as the '''STH-10C''' by enthusiasts. Due to its efficient rotor design and good motor bearings, the STH-10 is known for having long wind-downs, with the rotor often coasting for over five minutes after the siren shuts off.
The STH-10 sports a 20.5-inch, 12-port aluminum rotor facing downwards, a few inches smaller than the 24-inch 7-port rotor in the STL-10. The STH-10's rotor has full length vanes for every port, resulting in a smoother sound than the Model 5. The rotor is also bidirectional, allowing three-phase units to operate well regardless of which way they are wired. The STH-10 is able to reach 115 dB at 100 feet, 1 dB more than its lower-pitched counterpart. The STH-10's rotor and stator were reused by the hybrid-rotational [[Federal Signal RSH-10|RSH-10 Thunderbeam]] as well as early [[Federal Signal 500|500-SH]] units until the latter switched to using the C3 1/2 Model 5's rotor in the 1960s.  


The STH-10 was designed as a multipurpose siren mainly for use at fire stations, as it had better range and volume than Federal's Model 5. While it was mainly used as a fire siren, it easily doubled as a standard civil defense and weather siren when necessary. The STH-10 became a popular siren, outselling the STL-10 significantly. The STH-10 would also be produced in the form of the [[Federal Signal RSH-10|RSH-10 Thunderbeam]], and the early [[Federal Signal 500|500-SH]], which both used the rotor and stator of the STH-10. The STH-10's rugged design made it suitable for a wide variety of applications, often finding itself in areas where other sirens wouldn't be suitable, such as industrial plants. One STH-10 has the distinction of being the northernmost siren in North America, located in one of the coldest inhabited settlements in the world, Grise Fiord, Nunavut, and many other STH-10s can be found in the remote northern territories of Canada.
12 conical sheet metal horns are individually attached to each stator port to efficiently project the output from each port. The STH-10 has a cylindrical, tubular intake located below the siren, in between the siren's three included mounting legs. These legs can be bolted to a pole or attached to a rooftop making it versatile and easy to install.  


In 1995, the STH-10 was discontinued along with the STL-10 as part of restructuring, though the STH-10A would be reintroduced not long after due to popular demand. The STH-10B was not reintroduced and was discontinued, leaving the three-phase STH-10A as the only model produced. Unfortunately, STH-10s that were produced after 1995 were made much more cheaply, and as a result tend to be more unreliable, often suffering motor problems. The STH-10 would finally be discontinued in 2005, being replaced by the [[Federal Signal Model ECLIPSE|ECLIPSE-8]], which offered similar performance while also using DC power. Today, the STH-10 remains a common sight throughout the US and even Canada, often in use at volunteer fire stations as a fire siren, or as a tornado siren for smaller towns. As a result of its popularity vs the STL-10, the STH-10 can be found much more commonly than the STL-10.
The STH-10's simple and rugged design makes it suitable for a wide variety of applications and often found itself used in places where other sirens were inadequate or unsuitable, such as large industrial facilities and remote communities. One STH-10 has the distinction of being the northernmost siren in North America, located in Grise Fiord, Nunavut, one of the coldest inhabited settlements in the world. Many STH-10 units can be found in the remote northern territories of Canada, and is the most common siren found in the Arctic.  


The STH-10 is currently sold under license in South America by [[Engesig]], under the EG-109 TITAN name. In addition, a unique dual-rotor variant is sold under the EG-109 TITAN 2 name.
In 1995, the STH-10 and STL-10 were discontinued as part of restructuring though the STH-10A would be reintroduced shortly after due to popular demand. The STH-10B was not reintroduced, leaving the three-phase STH-10A as the only option. Unfortunately, STH-10s produced after 1995 had poor quality control and tend to be more unreliable with motor issues. The STH-10 was fully discontinued a decade later in 2005, being directly replaced by [[Federal Signal Model ECLIPSE|ECLIPSE-8]] which matches the STH-10's performance while allowing for battery backup and solar capabilities by using a DC motor. The STH-10 remains a common sight throughout the US and Canada, often in use at volunteer fire stations and smaller towns as a fire and/or severe weather siren.


=== Darley 10-Horsepower (Darley STH-10) ===
While discontinued by Federal Signal, the STH-10 is currently sold under license in South America by the Brazilian-based siren manufacturer [[Engesig]], under the EG-109 TITAN name. In addition, a unique dual-rotor variant is sold under the EG-109 TITAN 2 name.
[[W.S. Darley & Co.|W.S. Darley & Co]]. also produced their own variant of the STH-10, which was essentially an STH-10 that was flipped upside down to match the rotor-over-motor Model 5 configuration, with the intake on top and the motor on the bottom. Darley used their own custom cylindrical housing, which uses 8 short round horns and a flat, rounded rainshield with an eyebolt on top. The horns do not line up with the stator ports, but the housing overall provides much better protection from the elements than a standard STH-10. These would be produced until Darley's partnership with Federal Signal ended in the 1960s. While enthusiasts often refer to this siren as the "Darley STH-10" for obvious reasons, Darley appears to have internally referred to it as the "Darley 10-Horsepower Siren".
 
== Variants ==
 
==== Darley Type 10 (''Darley STH-10'') ====
[[W.S. Darley & Co.|W.S. Darley & Co]]. produced their own rebadged variant of the STH-10, designated the '''Type 10'''. Often dubbed the "Darley STH-10" by enthusiasts, the Type 10 consists of an inverted STH-10 core placed inside of Darley's custom cylindrical housing. Being inverted, the Darley Type 10's motor is placed underneath the rotor and stator and held up by short legs. The rotor draws in air from above, with a short tubular intake bolted to the top of the stator. The housing is held up by an A-frame with an eyebolt on top.
The Type 10's housing has 8 short round horns and a flat rounded rainshield placed on top. Unlike the standard STH-10, the Type 10's horns do not line up with the stator ports. The housing provides much better protection from the elements than a standard STH-10. The Darley Type 10 would be produced until Darley's partnership with Federal Signal ended in the 1960s.  
 
==== ''STH-10C'' ====
A three-signal variant of the STH-10 was produced for an unknown length of time, using a solenoid-driven damper inside of the intake to allow the siren to produce pulsed signals. These units are designated as the '''STH-10C''' by enthusiasts, as its official name is unknown. Likely only having been available as a special order siren, very few STH-10Cs are known to exist though at least one is in private possession.  
[[Category:Federal Signal Corporation]]
[[Category:Federal Signal Corporation]]
[[Category:Single Toned Sirens]][[Category:Sirens]]
[[Category:Single Toned Sirens]][[Category:Sirens]]

Latest revision as of 05:40, 18 December 2024

Federal Signal STH-10
Company Federal Sign & Signal Company

Federal Signal Corporation

Produced 1955-2005 (STH-10A)

1955-1995 (STH-10B)

Type Omnidirectional Electromechanical
Sound output 115 dB @ 100 ft
Frequency 50/60 Hz
Horsepower 7.5 hp

10 hp

Voltage 240 V AC 1 ph (STH-10B)

208-240/480 (STH-10A) V AC 3 ph

Preceded by

Federal Signal STL-10

Succeeded by Federal Signal Model ECLIPSE
Documentation Manual
Product sheet

The STH-10 (Single Tone High, 10 Horsepower) is an omnidirectional electromechanical siren that was produced by Federal Signal over a span of 50 years. A step up from the general purpose Model 5 lineup, the STH-10 proved to be one of the most popular of Federal Signal's omnidirectional sirens and gained a reputation as a reliable, effective multipurpose siren. It is still a commonly found siren today despite having been discontinued decades ago thanks to its durability and high performance.

History and design

The STH-10 was introduced in 1955 as a higher-pitched option to supplement Federal's existing STL-10 siren. The STH-10 was designed as a general purpose siren intended mainly for use at fire departments, as it had superior range and volume compared to Federal's Model 5 lineup. While it was mainly used as a fire siren, it easily doubled as a standard civil defense and weather siren when necessary. The STH-10 became a popular choice for many fire departments and municipalities, outselling the STL-10 by a significant margin. The STH-10's very simple design resulted in a siren that was very reliable and easy to keep maintained.

The STH-10 is furnished with a bare 7.5 or 10 horsepower electric motor located on top of the siren. The STH-10 was available in either single and three phase power, designated the STH-10B and STH-10A respectively. The STH-10A used a 10 horsepower General Electric (early), Valley or Marathon motor, while the STH-10B used a brushed 7.5 horsepower Northern Electric motor. Due to its large, heavy rotor and high quality ball bearings, the STH-10 is known for having long spool-down times, with the rotor often coasting for well over five minutes after the siren shuts off.

The STH-10 sports a 20.5-inch, 12-port aluminum rotor facing downwards, a few inches smaller than the 24-inch 7-port rotor in the STL-10. The STH-10's rotor has full length vanes for every port, resulting in a smoother sound than the Model 5. The rotor is also bidirectional, allowing three-phase units to operate well regardless of which way they are wired. The STH-10 is able to reach 115 dB at 100 feet, 1 dB more than its lower-pitched counterpart. The STH-10's rotor and stator were reused by the hybrid-rotational RSH-10 Thunderbeam as well as early 500-SH units until the latter switched to using the C3 1/2 Model 5's rotor in the 1960s.

12 conical sheet metal horns are individually attached to each stator port to efficiently project the output from each port. The STH-10 has a cylindrical, tubular intake located below the siren, in between the siren's three included mounting legs. These legs can be bolted to a pole or attached to a rooftop making it versatile and easy to install.

The STH-10's simple and rugged design makes it suitable for a wide variety of applications and often found itself used in places where other sirens were inadequate or unsuitable, such as large industrial facilities and remote communities. One STH-10 has the distinction of being the northernmost siren in North America, located in Grise Fiord, Nunavut, one of the coldest inhabited settlements in the world. Many STH-10 units can be found in the remote northern territories of Canada, and is the most common siren found in the Arctic.

In 1995, the STH-10 and STL-10 were discontinued as part of restructuring though the STH-10A would be reintroduced shortly after due to popular demand. The STH-10B was not reintroduced, leaving the three-phase STH-10A as the only option. Unfortunately, STH-10s produced after 1995 had poor quality control and tend to be more unreliable with motor issues. The STH-10 was fully discontinued a decade later in 2005, being directly replaced by ECLIPSE-8 which matches the STH-10's performance while allowing for battery backup and solar capabilities by using a DC motor. The STH-10 remains a common sight throughout the US and Canada, often in use at volunteer fire stations and smaller towns as a fire and/or severe weather siren.

While discontinued by Federal Signal, the STH-10 is currently sold under license in South America by the Brazilian-based siren manufacturer Engesig, under the EG-109 TITAN name. In addition, a unique dual-rotor variant is sold under the EG-109 TITAN 2 name.

Variants

Darley Type 10 (Darley STH-10)

W.S. Darley & Co. produced their own rebadged variant of the STH-10, designated the Type 10. Often dubbed the "Darley STH-10" by enthusiasts, the Type 10 consists of an inverted STH-10 core placed inside of Darley's custom cylindrical housing. Being inverted, the Darley Type 10's motor is placed underneath the rotor and stator and held up by short legs. The rotor draws in air from above, with a short tubular intake bolted to the top of the stator. The housing is held up by an A-frame with an eyebolt on top. The Type 10's housing has 8 short round horns and a flat rounded rainshield placed on top. Unlike the standard STH-10, the Type 10's horns do not line up with the stator ports. The housing provides much better protection from the elements than a standard STH-10. The Darley Type 10 would be produced until Darley's partnership with Federal Signal ended in the 1960s.

STH-10C

A three-signal variant of the STH-10 was produced for an unknown length of time, using a solenoid-driven damper inside of the intake to allow the siren to produce pulsed signals. These units are designated as the STH-10C by enthusiasts, as its official name is unknown. Likely only having been available as a special order siren, very few STH-10Cs are known to exist though at least one is in private possession.


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